Common
warts are typically non-cancerous skin growths caused by the human
papillomavirus virus (HPV). The HPV virus stimulates a rapid growth
of cells on the outer layer of skin. There are more than 100 types
of HPV warts.
There are types of HPV that tend to cause warts on your skin. Common
warts frequently occur on your hands, fingers or near your fingernails.
Other types of HPV can cause warts in other places:
Plantar warts: Warts that are on the soles of the
feet. They may be skin-colored or light brown bumps with small black
dots imbedded in them. The dots are small blood vessels.
Genital warts: Warts that are common in sexually
transmitted diseases. They may occur on genitals, in the pubic area
or in or on the anal area. Women may experience genital warts on
the inside or outside of the vagina.
Flat warts: Warts that are typically smaller and
smoother than other warts. They may occur on the face or on legs.
They typically are more common in younger people than in adults.
Most common warts are harmless and can disappear on their own. However,
they may be irritating and unsightly requiring their removal. Common
warts can reoccur following treatment and may represent a perpetual
problem.
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Symptoms
Common warts are typically small, skin colored warts with small
bumps. They may be white, pink or tan in color and rough to the
tough. The frequently have one or more small black dots or blood
vessels visible inside of them. Common warts are typically painless
and tend to infect young vs. older people.
Common Causes
Common warts are typically contracted by HPV. Similar to other types
of infectious diseases, HPV may pass between people. It is possible
to directly contract HPV through contaminated towels or other personal
objects that have come in contact with the virus. As each person’s
auto immune system responds differently to HPV exposure, not everyone
who is exposed to HPV will become infected or develop warts. Certain
warts, like genital warts, are very contagious. However, contracting
common warts from an infected individual is less likely.
Individuals who have warts can spread the virus to other places
on their body. Usually, the wart virus spreads via breaks in the
skin. Common warts on the hands or fingers may be spread by skin
biting or itching causing surrounding skin to break or crack.
Medical Attention
Common warts may not necessarily require medical attention. Common
warts may disappear on their own or with home treatment and homeopathic
remedies. However, to reduce the chance of infecting or spreading
warts to other parts of the body, warts may surgically removed,
chemically or liquid nitrogen treated by a dermatologist or doctor.
This will also reduce the change for infected individuals spreading
warts to other people.
See your physician if warts persist or if warts are irritating,
painful or rapidly multiply.
Potential Complications
Warts may crack or bleed and become infected. Seek medical attention
if warts appear infected. The most common complication is the reoccurrence
of warts. Because warts shed virus material, new warts may appear
as fast as old ones vanish. The risk of infecting others with HPV
also exists.
Treatment
If common warts are do not vanish on their own or home based treatments
or remedies do not work, doctors may suggest one of the following
treatments based on the severity and location of warts. Doctors
typically start with the less invasive and painful method.
Freezing: Doctors may elect to treat warts by freezing
it with liquid nitrogen. This treatment is generally not painful
and can be very effective. However, multiple treatments may be necessary.
Freezing destroys the HPV works by causing a blister to form around
your wart. Then, the dead tissue sloughs off within a week or so.
Chemical Cantharidin: Cantharidin is a chemical
extracted from the blister beetle and can be used for the treatment
of warts. The extract is typically mixed with other chemicals and
painted on the skin and covered with a bandage. The treatment is
painless, however the resulting skin blister may be uncomfortable.
Blistering is important as it lifts the wart off the skin so your
doctor can remove the dead part of the wart.
Surgery: Surgical removal typically involves cutting
away the wart or destroying the wart with an electric needle in
a process known as Eelectrodesiccation or Curettage. Injection of
an anesthetic is required as this type of surgery may be painful
and leave a scar. Generally, surgery is usually reserved for warts
that haven't responded well to other therapies. Laser surgery may
also be used for tough to treat warts. However, it can be expensive
and lease scaring.
Medications: The medication Bleomycin, may be prescribed
by a physician in severe cases of common warts that have not responded
well to standard treatments. The medication is typically injected
in the wart that kills the virus. This medication is also given
internally in much higher doses to treat some kinds of cancers.
Dermatologist may also elect to use Immunotherapy, which uses the
body’s auto immune system to fight and kill warts. Both genital
and common warts may also be successfully treated with an immunotherapy
medication called Imiquimod (Aldara). The prescriptive cream increases
the skin's immune response to the wart causing the wart to die.
Common warts may be difficult to completely eradicate. Nail areas
are one of the more difficult areas to treat. New warts may continue
to crop up after treatment frequently requiring more than one treatment
or approach. Multiple approaches may be necessary to satisfactorily
manage the problem.
Prevention
Reducing the risk of spreading warts is the best type of prevention.
To reduce wart spread do not brush, clip, comb or shave areas infected
with warts. Do not use the same nail file, nail clipper, towels,
wash cloths or other personal items that may have come in contact
with the virus. Avoid picking warts. Picking may cause the virus
to spread. If children are infected, covering infected areas with
bandages or gauze can reduce the risk of spreading warts. Wash hands
carefully and keep them as dry as possible as warts are more difficult
to treat in a moist environment. Wash you hands after touching warts.
Self-care
There are a number of self-care treatment approaches to the treatment
of common warts. Do not attempt self-treatment if you have a compromised
auto immune system or diabetes.
Medicinal Remedies: Herbal remedy treatments may be very
effective if “anti-HPV chemicals” are in sufficient
concentration. There are both legitimate and ill-legitimate natural
remedies available on the market. One of the most effective homeopathic
remedies is Wart Rx from medicinalremedies.com.
Topical acid: Topical acid medications and patches
are available at drugstores. They may be used at home under product
instructions or your doctor may instruct you on their use. Common
warts products should contain a solution or patch containing at
least 17 percent salicylic acid like Compound W or Occlusal HP that
will causes the skin to peel off. Topical acid products require
daily use for several weeks. Best results are achieved by soaking
warts in warm water for 15 to 20 minutes before applying the acid
solution or patch and filing away dead skin nail file or pumice
stone between treatments. Be careful, the acid in these products
can cause skin irritation or damage to skin. If pregnant, seek physician
advise before using a topical acid product.
Duct tape: Duck tape is considered an alternative treatment
compared with more traditional wart therapies. In October 2002,
a well-publicized study, suggests duct tape was more effective
in killing warts than Cryotherapy. Study members using duct tape
covered their warts with duct tape for six days. After duck tape
removal, participants soaked their warts in water and scrubbed warts
with an emery board or pumice stone. The process was repeated for
two months or until their warts disappeared. Medical researchers
suggest that duck tape therapy may work by irritating the wart and
surrounding skin tissue causing the body's auto immune system to
kick in and attack the wart virus. Duct tape therapy may become
a mainstream treatment option as it is pain free inexpensive home-based
treatment. This treatment option may prove beneficial in treating
children.
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